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Alpinetin is a natural flavonoid widely distributed in Zingiberaceae. Previousstudies have demonstrated that alpinetin markedly inhibits tumour growth. However,the molecular mechanisms underlying the antitumour effects of alpinetin are unclear.Bcl‑2‑associated X protein (Bax) translocation is known to activate the mitochondrial‑dependentendogenous apoptosis pathway. The aim of the current study was to investigatethe roles of Bax and the mitochondrial pathway during alpinetin‑induced gastriccancer cell apoptosis and the effects of alpinetin on the cell cycle. Human gastriccancer cells were treated with various doses of alpinetin and an MTT assay wasperformed to measure cell viability, flow cytometry to measure the apoptotic rate,changes in the cell cycle and mitochondrial membrane potential and western blotanalysis to detect the expression levels of relevant proteins. Results demonstratethat alpinetin induces apoptosis in human gastric cancer cells in a dose‑ andtime‑dependent manner. During the early stages of apoptosis, alpinetin may altermitochondrial membrane potential leading to release of cytochrome c from mitochondria,activation of caspase family members and ultimately apoptosis of human gastriccancer cells. Results of the present study indicate that alpinetin‑induced humangastric cancer cell apoptosis is associated with the mitochondrial pathway.

Alpinetin promotes Bax translocation, induces apoptosis through the mitochondrial pathway and arrests human gastric cancer cells at the G2/M phase