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Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are generally used in tissue engineering,regenerative medicine and therapy for immune disorder disease. MSCs are also employedas drug carriers for tumor therapy due to their ability to migrate to tumor tissue.However, due to the immunosuppressive function of MSCs, the application of MSCsin prostate cancer therapy remains limited. In this study, we investigated theunderlying mechanism by which MSCs enable prostate cancer cells to escape fromimmune surveillance in the inflammatory microenvironment. Firstly, we demonstratedthat compared with the control groups, MSCs pretreated with IL-1α effectivelypromoted the growth of the mouse prostate cancer cell line RM-1 in vivo. Furthermore,when RM-1 prostate cancer cells were co-injected with MSCs pretreated with IL-1α,tumor incidence significantly increased in allogeneic recipients. In addition,we investigated the mechanism through which MSCs promote the ability of RM-1 cellsto escape from immune injury. The results revealed that IL-1α led to the upregulationof TGF-β in MSCs. The inflammatory cytokine-induced promotive effect of MSCs onRM-1 cells in vivo was inhibited by TGF-β siRNA. The results of our study suggestthat inflammatory cytokines induce the immunosuppressive function of MSCs whichenables prostate cancer cells to escape from immune injury.

Interleukin-1α induces immunosuppression by mesenchymal stem cells promoting the growth of prostate cancer cells