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Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP4) is a serine protease that degrades glucagon-likepeptide-1 (GLP-1), an incretin hormone that stimulates insulin secretion frompancreatic β-cells. DPP4 is also involved in the regulation of T cell-mediatedinflammatory processes. These properties of DPP4 suggest that it may play a rolein the progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Hepatic DPP4mRNA expression levels were analyzed by real-time PCR using liver biopsy samplesfrom 17 NAFLD patients and 10 healthy subjects. In NAFLD patients, we also examinedcorrelations between DPP4 expression levels and metabolic factors, including homeostasismodel assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), body mass index (BMI), and serumcholesterol and triglyceride levels. To examine the potential effects of nutritionalfactors, DPP4 expression levels were analyzed in HepG2 cells subjected to variousculture conditions. Hepatic DPP4 mRNA expression was significantly greater inNAFLD patients than in control subjects. DPP4 expression levels were negativelycorrelated with HOMA-IR and positively correlated with serum cholesterol levels.In HepG2 cells, high glucose significantly enhanced DPP4 expression, whereas insulin,fatty acids and cholesterol did not. Increased hepatic expression of DPP4 in NAFLDmay be associated with metabolic factors, including insulin resistance, and mayadversely affect glucose metabolism in this liver disease.

molecular medicine reports

Increased hepatic expression of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and its association with insulin resistance and glucose metabolism