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Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are known to induce apoptosisin a variety of cancer cells, including colon, prostate, breast and leukemia.Among them, aspirin, a classical NSAID, shows promise in cancer therapy in certaintypes of cancers. We hypothesized that aspirin might affect the growth of livercancer cells since liver is the principal site for aspirin metabolism. Therefore,we investigated the effects of aspirin on the HepG2 human hepatocellular carcinomacell line in vitro and the HepG2 cell xenograft model in BALB/c nude mice. Wefound that treatment with aspirin inhibited cell growth and induced apoptosisinvolving both extrinsic and intrinsic pathways as measured by DNA ladder formation,alteration in the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, activation of the caspase activities and relatedprotein expressions. In vivo antitumor activity assay also showed that aspirinresulted in significant tumor growth inhibition compared to the control. Oraladministration of aspirin (100 mg/kg/day) caused a significant reduction in thegrowth of HepG2 tumors in nude mice. These findings suggest that aspirin may beused as a promising anticancer agent against liver cancer.

Aspirin induces apoptosis in vitro and inhibits tumor growth of human hepatocellular carcinoma cells in a nude mouse xenograft model