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The time course for changes in food intake, body weight, plasma glucoseand insulin concentrations and HOMA index was monitored over a period of 8 weeksin rats exposed from the 8th week after birth to diets containing either starchor fructose and sunflower oil. In two further groups of rats exposed to the fructose-richdiet part of the sunflower oil was substituted by either salmon oil rich in long-chainpolyunsaturated ω3 fatty acids or safflower oil rich in long-chain polyunsaturatedω6 fatty acids. Despite lower food intake, the gain in body weight was higherin fructose-fed rats than in starch-fed rats. The supplementation of the fructose-richdiet by either ω3 or ω6 fatty acids lowered both food intake and body weight gain.The measurements of plasma glucose and insulin concentrations, HOMA index andinsulinogenic index performed after overnight starvation were in fair agreementwith those recorded at the occasion of an intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test,with higher values for plasma glucose concentration and HOMA index in the fructose-fedrats exposed to the sunflower oil (with or without enrichment with ω6 fatty acids)than in the starch-fed rats exposed to the sunflower oil or fructose-fed ratsexposed to a diet enriched with ω3 fatty acids. Such was also the case for themeasurements of glycated albumin at sacrifice. Moreover, the insulinogenic indexwas lower in the fructose-fed rats with or without dietary enrichment in ω6 fattyacids than in the fructose-fed rats with dietary enrichment in ω3 fatty acids.The elucidation of the biochemical determinants of the later difference requiresfurther investigations in isolated pancreatic islets.

international journal of molecular medicine

The metabolic syndrome of fructose-fed rats: Effects of long-chain polyunsaturated ω3 and ω6 fatty acids. II. Time course of changes in food intake, body weight, plasma glucose and insulin concentrations and insulin resistance