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Ovarian cancer is the leading cause of mortality resulting from gynecologic cancer. A common anti-ovarian tumor drug is cisplatin; however, repeated use of cisplatin causes severe resistance and leads to poor long-term survival rate in ovarian cancer patients. Recently, it was reported that lanthanum chloride (LaCl 3 ) may inhibit tumor growth and induce apoptosis in certain cancer cells. In the present study, the effect of LaCl 3 on ovarian cancer was determined in vivo and in vitro . A cisplatin-sensitive human ovarian cancer cell line, COC1, was used in the current study. A xenograft animal model of ovarian cancer was established injecting COC1 or cisplatin-resistant COC1 cells (COC1/DDP) cells into mice. A TUNEL assay was used to determine the apoptosis of the COC1 or COC1/DDP cells and a immunohistochemical assay was conducted to measure the expression of B-cell lymphoma-2, Ki67, breast cancer 1 (BRCA)1, BRCA2 and excision repair cross-complementation group 1 in COC1 or COC1/DDP cells. It was observed that LaCl 3 promoted apoptosis in COC1 and COC1/DDP cells. In addition, LaCl 3 plus cisplatin led to further increase in the expression levels of tumor suppressor genes and decrease in the expression of oncogenes. Furthermore, application of LaCl 3 and cisplatin inhibited tumor growth in vivo in a xenograft animal model. These results indicated the synergistic role of LaCl 3 on cisplatin-induced inhibition of cancer cell proliferation and tumor growth, providing a potential and effective candidate for the treatment of ovarian tumors.

Effect of lanthanum chloride on tumor growth and apoptosis in human ovarian cancer cells and xenograft animal models