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The pathogenesis of hypokalemic periodic paralysis (HypoPP) remains unclear. Though some mutations in skeletal muscle ion channels were revealed previously, the exact mechanism remains to be fully elucidated. Increased Na + /K + -ATPase activity in skeletal muscle is postulated to contribute to attacks of HypoPP. Before the link between Na + /K + -ATPase dysfunction and these ion channel mutations is established, mutations in Na + /K + -ATPase and their regulators are the first to be excluded. Phospholemman, which is a protein encoded by the FXYD domain-containing ion transport regulator 1 (FXYD1) gene, is predominantly expressed in skeletal muscle and is the major regulator of Na + /K + -ATPase. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to determine the genetic involvement of phospholemman in HypoPP development. Genomic DNA was extracted from the peripheral blood of five HypoPP probands with typical manifestations. The coding exons of FXYD1 , exons 2-7, were polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-amplified and sequenced. No mutations were detected in FXYD1 in any of the subjects studied. To conclude, mutations in phospholemman encoding genes may not be involved with HypoPP and the relationship between phospholemman and Na + /K + -ATPase dysfunction in attacks of HypoPP requires further study.

Phospholemman, a major regulator of skeletal muscle Na+/K+-ATPase, is not mutated in probands with hypokalemic periodic paralysis