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This study sought to investigate the risk factors for cerebral hyperperfusion syndrome (CHS) after carotid artery interventional therapy, and to explore potential preventive measures. Three hundred and eighty-two patients treated with carotid artery stenting at the Huanhu Hospital (Tianjin, China) between January 2010 and January 2016 were divided into CHS and non-CHS groups. A retrospective analysis of patient clinical data was made. The CHS group had more patients presenting coronary heart disease, diabetes, progressive neurological disease and transient recurrent cerebral hemorrhage than the non-CHS group. More patients in the CHS group presented stenosis of the internal carotid artery siphon. More CHS group patients showed plaque formation extending &gt;3 cm to the distal end of the internal carotid artery. Finally, more CHS group patients had pressure gradients &gt;60 mmHg (p&lt;0.05). Logistics regression analysis showed that preoperative diabetes mellitus and carotid pressure gradient ≥60 mmHg were independent risk factors for CHS (p&lt;0.05). The ROC curve of carotid pressure gradients ≥60 mmHg were made to predict CHS, with the area under curve being 0.949 (p&lt;0.05). The best cut-off value was 60 mmHg. Therefore, preoperative diabetes and a carotid pressure gradient ≥60 mmHg are risk factors for CHS, and these indicators need to be examined prior to operation.

Risk factors and preventive measures of cerebral hyperperfusion syndrome after carotid artery interventional therapy