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Alternative medicine or therapeutic approach in Japan usually consists of shinkyushi (acupuncturists), kampo medicine (traditional medicine) and kitoshi (folk healer). According to the classification by Sasaki, groups of faith healing are categorized as "incantation and prayers groups of traditional medicine", "mountain worship group", and "new religion group" (Sasaki, 1986). People in rural areas often receive various kinds of treatment of alternative medicine, sometimes more than those of modern medicine. Tonai et al. (1989) showed that there were only 4% of all health problems resulted in consultation with physicians in rural area, meaning that people who have some health problems go to lay consultation (22%) including alternative medicine, rather than clinic or hospital. Those situation is not simply due to geographic reasons. Many types of alternative medicine are active in Tokyo where modern medicine, with full of various specialties, dominates (Sasaki, 1989; Sakai et al., 1993; Ito et al., 1993; Ito 1996). These results in Japan raise questions who come to alternative medicine, how their medical conditions are, and whether they receive appropriate medical treatment if they need it. In this article, we examine characteristics of clients, and a relationship between modern medicine and spiritual healing through

Spiritual Healing and Mental Health in Tokyo.