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The physiological and immune responses of adult shrimp ( Litopenaeus vannamei ) undergoing the acute phase of the NHP disease and the efficiency of OXI and FF to eliminate the pathogen were evaluated. Four shrimp groups were considered: three groups infected with NHP-B (two treated with antibiotics and a positive control) and one group non-infected (negative control). Haemolymph concentration of glucose, lactate, acylglycerides, cholesterol, total protein, aminotransferases, superoxide dismutase, and the transcriptional expression of several immune related genes were monitored at the acute phase of the disease, and at 15 and 20 days after administration of antibiotics (daa). Shrimp from the positive control registered a mortality of 100%. Most of the parameters were up regulated in infected shrimp before the use of antibiotics. At 15 daa lactate and SOD were still registering high levels both treated shrimp, and enhanced transcriptional levels of clotting protein, lipopolysaccharide and β -1-3-glucan binding protein (LGBP), serine protease, peroxidase, lysozyme, heat shock proteins (HSP) 60 and 70 were detected in shrimp treated with OXI. At 20 daa NHP-B was still detected in FF-treated shrimp, but not in OXI-treated shrimp. It is hypothesized that despite none of the antibiotics fully eliminated the bacterium, both had a negative effect on its pathogenicity; in addition OXI possibly had a greater effect, allowing shrimp to integrate a better immune response at 15 daa, which contributed to the elimination of the pathogen.

Physiological and immune response of Litopenaeus vannamei undergoing the acute phase of the necrotizing hepatopancreatitis disease and after being treated with oxytetracycline and florfenicol