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Myopsalta atrata (Goding & Froggatt) is redescribed in light of recently collected specimens that match the original type material. New evidence shows that M. atrata is restricted to the Hawkesbury Sandstone region, specifically in the vicinity of Greater Sydney in New South Wales, Australia. Two new species of Myopalta are described from central western New South Wales: Myopsalta libritor sp.nov. and M. coolahensis sp.nov. Both occur in grassland, typically in association with alluvial terraces. In addition to morphological redescription, the species-specific calling song for each taxon is documented here for the first time. EmEry, NathaN J., DaviD L. EmEry, aND LiNDsay W. PoPPLE. 2015. Redescription of Myopsalta atrata (Goding and Froggatt) and description of two new species of Myopsalta Moulds (Hemiptera: Cicadidae) from central western New South Wales. Records of the Australian Museum 67(6): 185–199. KEyWorDs. Cicadettini, Australia, Melampsalta atrata Australia has a diverse cicada fauna, particularly in the tribe Cicadettini (Moulds, 2012). A large portion of this tribe is made up of small species (body length less than 20 mm). Many of these species occur in grass or small shrubs and are characterized by erratic seasonal emergences (Emery et al., 2005). Since the adults are often highly mobile, inconspicuous and only persist for a few weeks at most, their capture is often serendipitous. The genus Myopsalta Moulds was recently erected to accommodate eight Australian species (Moulds, 2012), with type species Myopsalta crucifera (Ashton, 1912). The name Myopsalta atrata (Goding and Froggatt, 1904) has been associated with a species that is widespread in central eastern Australia (Emery et al., 2005; Ewart, 1988, 1998; Moulds, 1990; Popple & Strange, 2002). New material has recently become available that corresponds more closely to the syntypes of Myopsalta atrata and places all other material previously treated as M. atrata, into uncertainty. Here we redescribe M. atrata based upon this new material and provide the first documentation of the calling song. The species previously referred to as M. atrata is now recognized as forming part of the M. crucifera species complex, a complex that requires substantial revision beyond the scope of the present study. 186 Records of the Australian Museum (2015) Vol. 67 Descriptions of two new species of Myopsalta from central NSW, along with details of the diagnostic characteristics of their calling songs, are also given here. Methods and terminology Anatomical terminology follows Moulds (2005, 2012) for body structures and wing characters, Moulds (2005) for genitalia, and Dugdale (1972) and Bennet-Clark (1977) for timbals. The long timbal ribs are referred to sequentially as long ribs numbered 1 to 5, with long rib 1 being the most posterior (adjacent to timbal plate). The higher classification adopted in this paper follows Moulds (2012). Measurements (in mm) are given as ranges with means in parentheses and include the largest and smallest specimens obtained. Head width spans across the outer margins of the compound eyes; pronotum width across the extremities of the lateral margins (excluding ampliated lateral angles); abdominal width is measured across the outer edges of the auditory capsules. Abbreviations: Material sourced for this taxonomic work is located in collections abbreviated as follows: AM, Australian Museum, Sydney; ANIC, Australian National Insect Collection, CSIRO, Canberra; BMNH, Natural History Museum, London, UK; MM, Macleay Museum, University of Sydney, Sydney; DE, private collection of D. L. Emery, Sydney; MSM, private collection of M. S. Moulds, Kuranda, Queens land; LWP, private collection of L. W. Popple, Brisbane. Genitalia preparation: Male genitalia were removed using a pair of surgical scissors and placed in a solution of 10% potassium hydroxide. The solution was either boiled for one hour or left overnight at room temperature to clear the soft tissues and provide a clean dissection. Following clearing, the specimens were washed with ethanol and placed into a solution of either 70% ethanol or glycerol. To facilitate close examination of internal structures, the aedeagus was dissected for each genitalia preparation under 10x magnification. All specimen measurements were taken using a pair of Supertool digital vernier calipers (accurate to 0.01 mm). Calling song analysis. The general approach to describing the calling songs of these cicadas follows that of Ewart & Marques (2008). A “pulse” was defined as a single revolution of the timbals. The term “syllable” was used for the smallest grouping of pulses (typically 5–10 ms duration). When multiple syllables occur in succession, without coalescence (i.e. where the syllables are separated by short periods of silence), this was termed a “syllable sequence”. Where 2–9 syllables coalesce, this was referred to as a “macrosyllable”. Longer durations of continuous sound (≥10 syllables) were referred to as an “echeme”. For a repeated unit, comprising more than one of the above terms, the term “phrase” was adopted. Field recordings have been used preferentially, when available. In cases where such recordings were not available, container recordings have been used. These latter recordings have a tendency to show distortion of the finer pulse structures of the songs and amplitude spectra due to reverberation. To address this problem, all recordings were carefully examined prior to analysis to select the cleanest and most natural representations available for comparative purposes. Two different recording systems were used in this study. Each recording system (RS) is detailed as follows: (a) RS1: Tascam DR-07 digital recorder with an Audio-Technica ATR-1655 cardioid condenser shotgun microphone, with recordings taken in the field by NJE; and (b) RS2: Sony MZR700 minidisc recorder with Sony ECM-MS957 Electret Condenser microphone, with recordings taken in the field by LWP. Processing and analysis of recordings was undertaken with Cool Edit Pro (Version 2.1) software. Amplitude spectra were analysed in WaveShop (Version 1.0.14) software using a linear frequency axis on a 1024-point Fast Fourier Transform with a Hamming window function.

records of the australian museum

Redescription of Myopsalta atrata (Goding and Froggatt) and description of two new species of Myopsalta Moulds (Hemiptera: Cicadidae) from central western New South Wales