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The monotypic genus Odontonuncia Hickman, 1958 is redescribed. A new closely related genus, Hickmanoxyomma, is described for the type species, H. cavaticum (Hickman,1958), and six other species. Two new combinations are established: H. cavaticum (Monoxyomma) and H. tasmanicum (Roewer,1915) (Monacanthobunus). One new synonymy is proposed: Monoxyomma silvaticum Hickman, 1958 =H. tasmanicum (Roewer, 1915). Five new species are described in three species groups: H. goedei, H. clarkei andH. eberhardi (cavaticum species group); H. gibbergunyar (tasmanicum species group); and H. cristatum (cristatum species group). The distribution of the six cavemicolous and one surface species in Hickmanoxyomma and the possible influence of Pleistocene glaciation are discussed. Cavemicolous adaptations, including reductions in lateral branches of claws, are described. Free lateral sclerites are recorded for the first time in the Triaenonychidae and their significance as a family character in the superfamily Travunioidea is discussed. HUNT, G.S., 1990. Hickmanoxyomma, a new genus of cavernicolous harvestmen from Tasmania (Opiliones: Triaenonychidae). Records of the Australian Museum 42(1): 45-68. 45 Species of Hickmanoxyomma n.gen. are the most widely distributed cavemicolous harvestmen in Tasmania (Fig. 1). They occur in almost all karst areas where serious biospeleological studies have occurred (Goede, 1967; Hunt, 1972; Eberhard, 1988; Clarke, 1988). This, together with the varying extent of cave adaptation in different species, means that the group has considerable potential for the study of speciation in isolated cave environments. and reassessed. The following abbreviations are used to indicate the present location of material examined: AM Australian Museum, Sydney* (* AM usually denoted simply by the registration number prefix KS), PIS Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg, Frankfurt am Main, JLH Dr J.L. Hickman collection, Femtree, Hobart, QVMQueen Victoria Museum, Launceston, SAM South Australian Museum, Adelaide, TMAG Tasmanian Museum & Art Gallery, Hobart. Material and Methods Type material of all nominal species has been examined Official numbers for caves (e.g. PB3) follow Matthews (1985). Terminology follows Hunt (1985). Tergal areas are abbreviated to TAl, TA2, etc.; coxa ofleg I is coxa I, etc.