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Cancer is a leading cause of death in HIV-infected patients in the era of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART). Yet, there are no specific guidelines for the combined use of cART and chemotherapy in HIV-infected cancer patients. The cellular enzyme thymidylate synthase (TS) catalyses the conversion of dUMP to TMP, which is converted to TDP and ultimately to TTP, a building block in DNA synthesis. TS inhibitors are recommended in some cancers, particularly non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Because TS inhibitors modulate intracellular concentrations of endogenous 2'-deoxynucleotides, we hypothesized that TS inhibitors could impact the anti-HIV activity of nucleoside analogue reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs).

antiviral therapy

Disparate effects of Cytotoxic Chemotherapy on the Antiviral Activity of Antiretroviral Therapy: Implications for Treatments of HIV-Infected Cancer Patients