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The Gaia second data release contains high-accuracy astrometric measurementsof thousands of solar system bodies. These measurements raise the possibilityof determining asteroid masses by modeling scattering events between massiveobjects observed by Gaia. In this paper, we identify promising encountersbetween small asteroids that occur during the second data release and quantifythe various errors involved in mass determination. We argue that in the bestcase, Gaia astrometry can provide constraints as tight as 1 km on the positionsof asteroids. Further, we find that even with general relativistic corrections,integrations of the solar system accumulate 1 km errors after 700 days. Whilenot a problem for modeling DR2 astrometry, future Gaia data releases mayrequire models accounting for additional effects such as gravitationalharmonics of the sun and planets. Additionally, due to sub-optimal astrometricuncertainty, the geometry of the observations, and the Gaia observing patternresult in much looser constraints in most cases, with constraints being severalorders of magnitude weaker in some cases. This suggests that accurate massdetermination for the smallest asteroids will require additional observations,either from future Gaia data releases or from other sources. We provide a listof encounters that are most promising for further investigation.

The Challenge of Measuring Asteroid Masses with Gaia DR2 astrometry