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Extreme emission line galaxies (EELGs), where nebular emissions contribute30-40% of the flux in certain photometric bands, are ubiquitous in the earlyuniverse (z>6). We utilise deep NIRCam imaging from the JWST Advanced DeepExtragalactic Survey (JADES) to investigate the properties of companiongalaxies (projected distance <40 kpc, |dv|<10,000 km/s) around EELGs at z~3.Tests with TNG100 simulation reveal that nearly all galaxies at z=3 will mergewith at least one companion galaxy selected using similar parameters by z=0.The median mass ratio of the most massive companion and the total mass ratio ofall companions around EELGs is more than 10 times higher than the controlsample. Even after comparing with a stellar mass and stellar mass plus specificSFR-matched control sample, EELGs have three-to-five times higher mass ratiosof the brightest companion and total mass ratio of all companions. Ourmeasurements suggest that EELGs are more likely to be experiencing stronginteractions or undergoing major mergers irrespective of their stellar mass orspecific SFRs. We suspect that gas cooling induced by strong interactionsand/or major mergers could be triggering the extreme emission lines, and theincreased merger rate might be responsible for the over-abundance of EELGs atz>6.

MOSEL survey: JWST reveals major mergers/strong interactions drive the extreme emission lines in the early universe