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The role of turbulent effects for dynamos in the Sun and stars continues tobe debated. Mean-field (MF) theory provides a broadly used framework to connectthese effects to fundamental magnetohydrodynamics. While inaccessibleobservationally, turbulent effects can be directly studied using globalconvective dynamo (GCD) simulations. We measure the turbulent effects in termsof turbulent transport coefficients, based on the MF framework, from anexemplary GCD simulation using the test-field method. These coefficients arethen used as an input into an MF model. We find a good agreement between the MFand GCD solutions, which validates our theoretical approach. This agreementrequires all turbulent effects to be included, even those which have beenregarded as unimportant so far. Our results suggest that simple dynamo models,as are commonly used in the solar and stellar community, relying on very few,precisely fine-tuned turbulent effects, may not be representative of the fulldynamics of dynamos in global convective simulations and astronomical objects.

Investigating global convective dynamos with mean-field models: full spectrum of turbulent effects required