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Thousands of transiting exoplanets have already been detected orbiting a widerange of host stars, including the first planets that could potentially besimilar to Earth. The upcoming Extremely Large Telescopes and the James WebbSpace Telescope will enable the first searches for signatures of life intransiting exoplanet atmospheres. Here, we quantify the strength of spectralfeatures in transit that could indicate a biosphere similar to the modern Earthon exoplanets orbiting a wide grid of host stars (F0 to M8) with effectivetemperatures between 2,500 and 7,000K: transit depths vary between about6,000ppm (M8 host) to 30 ppm (F0 host) due to the different sizes of the hoststars. CO2 possesses the strongest spectral features in transit between 0.4 and20microns. The atmospheric biosignature pairs O2+CH4 and O3+CH4 - whichidentify Earth as a living planet - are most prominent for Sun-like and coolerhost stars in transit spectra of modern Earth analogs. Assessing biosignaturesand water on such planets orbiting hotter stars than the Sun will be extremelychallenging even for high-resolution observations. All high-resolution transitspectra and model profiles are available online: they provide a tool forobservers to prioritize exoplanets for transmission spectroscopy, testatmospheric retrieval algorithms, and optimize observing strategies to findlife in the cosmos. In the search for life in the cosmos, transiting planetsprovide the first opportunity to discover whether or not we are alone, withthis database as one of the keys to optimize the search strategies.

Finding Signs of Life in Transit: High-resolution Transmission Spectra of Earth-like Planets around FGKM Host Stars