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Observations of the solar magnetic cycle showed that the amplitude of thecycle did not grow all the time in the past. Thus, there must be a mechanism tohalt the growth of the magnetic field in the Sun. We demonstrate a recentlyproposed mechanism for this under the Babcock--Leighton dynamo framework, whichis believed to be the most promising paradigm for the generation of the solarmagnetic field at present. This mechanism is based on the observational factthat the stronger solar cycles produce bipolar magnetic regions (BMRs) athigher latitudes and thus have higher mean latitudes than the weaker ones. Wecapture this effect in our three-dimensional Babcock--Leighton solar dynamomodel and show that when the toroidal magnetic field tries to grow, it producesBMRs at higher latitudes. The BMRs at higher latitudes generate a less poloidalfield, which consequently limits the overall growth of the magnetic field inour model. Thus, our study suggests that the latitudinal variation of BMRs is apotential mechanism for limiting the magnetic field growth in the Sun.

Dynamo saturation through the latitudinal variation of bipolar magnetic regions in the Sun