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The first two months of the third Advanced LIGO and Virgo observing run (2019April-May) showed that distant gravitational wave (GW) events can now bereadily detected. Three candidate mergers containing neutron stars (NS) werereported in a span of 15 days, all likely located more than 100 Mpc away.However, distant events such as the three new NS mergers are likely to becoarsely localized, which highlights the importance of facilities andscheduling systems that enable deep observations over hundreds to thousands ofsquare degrees to detect the electromagnetic counterparts. On 2019-05-1002:59:39.292 UT the GW candidate S190510g was discovered and initiallyclassified as a BNS merger with 98% probability. The GW event was localizedwithin an area of 3462 deg2, later refined to 1166 deg2 (90%) at a distance of227 +- 92 Mpc. We triggered Target of Opportunity observations with the DarkEnergy Camera (DECam), a wide-field optical imager mounted at the prime focusof the 4m Blanco Telescope at CTIO in Chile. This Letter describes our DECamobservations and our real-time analysis results, focusing in particular on thedesign and implementation of the observing strategy. Within 24 hours of themerger time, we observed 65% of the total enclosed probability of the finalskymap with an observing efficiency of 94%. We identified and publiclyannounced 13 candidate counterparts. S190510g was re-classified 1.7 days afterthe merger, after our observations were completed, with a "binary neutron starmerger" probability reduced from 98% to 42% in favor of a "terrestrial"classification.

GROWTH on S190510g: DECam Observation Planning and Follow-Up of a Distant Binary Neutron Star Merger Candidate