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Ofek (2017) identified FIRST J141918.9+394036 (hereafter FIRST J1419+3940) asa radio source sharing similar properties and host galaxy type to the compact,persistent radio source associated with the first known repeating fast radioburst, FRB 121102. Law et al. (2018) showed that FIRST J1419+3940 is atransient source decaying in brightness over the last few decades. One possibleinterpretation is that FIRST J1419+3940 is a nearby analogue to FRB 121102 andthat the radio emission represents a young magnetar nebula (as severalscenarios assume for FRB 121102). Another interpretation is that FIRSTJ1419+3940 is the afterglow of an `orphan' long gamma-ray burst (GRB). Theenvironment is similar to where most such events are produced. To distinguishbetween these hypotheses, we conducted radio observations using the EuropeanVLBI Network at 1.6 GHz to spatially resolve the emission and to search formillisecond-duration radio bursts. We detect FIRST J1419+3940 as a compactradio source with a flux density of $620 \pm 20\ \mathrm{\mu Jy}$ (on 2018September 18) and a source size of $3.9 \pm 0.7\ \mathrm{mas}$ (i.e. $1.6 \pm0.3\ \mathrm{pc}$ given the angular diameter distance of $83\ \mathrm{Mpc}$).These results confirm that the radio emission is non-thermal and imply anaverage expansion velocity of $(0.10 \pm 0.02)c$. Contemporaneoushigh-time-resolution observations using the 100-m Effelsberg telescope detectedno millisecond-duration bursts of astrophysical origin. The source propertiesand lack of short-duration bursts are consistent with a GRB jet expansion,whereas they disfavor a magnetar birth nebula.

Resolving the decades-long transient FIRST J141918.9+394036: an orphan long gamma-ray burst or a young magnetar nebula?