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We introduce a new estimator for the mean pairwise velocities of galaxyclusters, which is based on the measurement of the clusters'$\textit{transverse}$ velocity components. The Rees-Sciama (RS) effect offersan opportunity to measure transverse peculiar velocities through its distinctdipolar signature around the halo centers in the Cosmic Microwave Background(CMB) temperature map. We exploit this dipolar structure to extract themagnitude and direction of the transverse velocity vectors from CMB mapssimulated with the expected characteristics of future surveys like CMB-S4.Although in the presence of lensed CMB and instrumental noise individualvelocities are not reliably reconstructed, we demonstrate that the meanpairwise velocity measurement obtained using the estimator yields asignal-to-noise ratio of $5.2$ for $\sim21,000$ halos with $M >7\times10^{13}\rm M_\odot$ in a $40\times40$ [deg$^2$] patch at $z=0.5$. Whilethe proposed estimator carries promising prospects for measuring pairwisevelocities through the RS effect in CMB stage IV experiments, its applicationsextend to any other potential probe of transverse velocities.

Pairwise Transverse Velocity Measurement with the Rees-Sciama Effect