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We present the results of our ALMA Cycle 4 high-spatial-resolution(0.04-0.07") observations, at HCN J=3-2 and HCO+ J=3-2 lines, of the nucleus ofNGC 1068, the nearby prototypical type 2 active galactic nucleus (AGN). Ourprevious ALMA observations identified the compact emission of these lines atthe putative location of the torus around a mass-accreting supermassive blackhole. We now report that we have detected the rotation of this compactemission, with the eastern and western sides being redshifted and blueshifted,respectively. Unlike the previously reported CO J=6-5 emission, both themorphological and dynamical alignments of the HCN J=3-2 and HCO+ J=3-2 emissionare roughly aligned along the east-west direction (i.e., the expected torusdirection), suggesting that these molecular lines are better probes of arotating dense molecular gas component in the torus. The western part of thetorus exhibits larger velocity dispersion and stronger emission in the HCNJ=3-2 and HCO+ J=3-2 lines than the eastern part, revealing a highlyinhomogeneous molecular torus. The dense molecular gas in the torus and that ofthe host galaxy at 0.5-2.0" from the AGN along the torus direction are found tobe counter-rotating, suggesting an external process happened in the past at theNGC 1068 nucleus.

ALMA Reveals an Inhomogeneous Compact Rotating Dense Molecular Torus at the NGC 1068 Nucleus