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Carbon dioxide ice clouds are thought to play an important role for coldterrestrial planets with thick CO2 dominated atmospheres. Various previousstudies showed that a scattering greenhouse effect by carbon dioxide ice cloudscould result in a massive warming of the planetary surface. However, all ofthese studies only employed simplified two-stream radiative transfer schemes todescribe the anisotropic scattering. Using accurate radiative transfer modelswith a general discrete ordinate method, this study revisits this importanteffect and shows that the positive climatic impact of carbon dioxide clouds wasstrongly overestimated in the past. The revised scattering greenhouse effectcan have important implications for the early Mars, but also for planets likethe early Earth or the position of the outer boundary of the habitable zone.

Revisiting the scattering greenhouse effect of CO2 ice clouds