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The largest Herschel extragalactic surveys, H-ATLAS and HerMES, have selecteda sample of "ultrared" dusty, star-forming galaxies (DSFGs) with rising SPIREflux densities ($S_{500} > S_{350} > S_{250}$; so-called "500 $\mu$m-risers")as an efficient way for identifying DSFGs at higher redshift ($z > 4$). In thispaper, we present a large Spitzer follow-up program of 300 Herschel ultraredDSFGs. We have obtained high-resolution ALMA, NOEMA, and SMA data for 63 ofthem, which allow us to securely identify the Spitzer/IRAC counterparts andclassify them as gravitationally lensed or unlensed. Within the 63 ultraredsources with high-resolution data, $\sim$65% appear to be unlensed, and$\sim$27% are resolved into multiple components. We focus on analyzing theunlensed sample by directly performing multi-wavelength spectral energydistribution (SED) modeling to derive their physical properties and comparewith the more numerous $z \sim 2$ DSFG population. The ultrared sample has amedian redshift of 3.3, stellar mass of 3.7 $\times$ 10$^{11}$ $M_{\odot}$,star formation rate (SFR) of 730 $M_{\odot}$yr$^{-1}$, total dust luminosity of9.0 $\times$ 10$^{12}$ $L_{\odot}$, dust mass of 2.8 $\times$ 10$^9$$M_{\odot}$, and V-band extinction of 4.0, which are all higher than those ofthe ALESS DSFGs. Based on the space density, SFR density, and stellar massdensity estimates, we conclude that our ultrared sample cannot account for themajority of the star-forming progenitors of the massive, quiescent galaxiesfound in infrared surveys. Our sample contains the rarer, intrinsically mostdusty, luminous and massive galaxies in the early universe that will help usunderstand the physical drivers of extreme star formation.

Spitzer catalog of Herschel-selected ultrared dusty, star-forming galaxies