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The life-cycle of cosmic dust grains is far from being understood and theorigin and evolution of interstellar medium (ISM) grains is still under debate.In the ISM, the cosmic dust destruction rate is faster than the production rateby stellar sources. However, observations of ISM refractory matter suggest thatto maintain a steady amount of cosmic grains, some supplementary productionmechanism takes place. In this context, we aimed to study possible re-formationmechanisms of cosmic grains taking place at low temperature directly in theISM. The low temperature condensation of carbonaceous materials has beeninvestigated in experiments mimicking the ISM conditions. Gas-phasecarbonaceous precursors created by laser ablation of graphite were forced toaccrete on cold substrates (T about 10 K) representing surviving dust grains.The growing and evolution of the condensing carbonaceous precursors have beenmonitored by MIR and UV spectroscopy under a number of experimental scenarios.It is demonstrated, for the first time, the possibility to form ISMcarbonaceous grains in "situ". The condensation process is governed by carbonchains that first condense into small carbon clusters and finally into morestable carbonaceous materials, which structural characteristics are comparableto the material formed in gas-phase condensation experiments at very hightemperature. We also show that the so-formed fullerene-like carbonaceousmaterial is transformed into a more ordered material under VUV processing. Thecold condensation mechanisms here discussed can give fundamental clues to fullyunderstand the balance between the timescale for dust injection, destructionand re-formation in the ISM.

Laboratory experiments on the low temperature formation of carbonaceous grains in the ISM