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The resonantly scattered Lyman-$\alpha$ line illuminates the extended halosof neutral hydrogen in the circumgalactic medium of galaxies. We presentintegral field Keck Cosmic Web Imager observations of double-peaked, spatiallyextended Ly$\alpha$ emission in 12 relatively low-mass ($M_{\star} \sim10^9 \,M_{\odot}$) $z\sim2$ galaxies characterized by extreme nebular emission lines.Using individual spaxels and small bins as well as radially binned profiles oflarger regions, we find that for most objects in the sample the Ly$\alpha$blue-to-red peak ratio increases, the peak separation decreases, and thefraction of flux emerging at line center increases with radius. We use newradiative transfer simulations to model each galaxy with a clumpy, multiphaseoutflow with radially varying outflow velocity, and self-consistently apply thesame velocity model to the low ionization interstellar absorption lines. Thesemodels reproduce the trends of peak ratio, peak separation and trough depthwith radius, and broadly reconcile outflow velocities inferred from Ly$\alpha$and absorption lines. The galaxies in our sample are well-described by a modelin which neutral, outflowing clumps are embedded in a hotter, more highlyionized inter-clump medium (ICM), whose residual neutral content producesabsorption at the systemic redshift. The peak ratio, peak separation and troughflux fraction are primarily governed by the line-of-sight component of theoutflow velocity, the HI column density, and the residual neutral density inthe ICM respectively. Azimuthal asymmetries in the line profile further suggestnon-radial gas motions at large radii and variations in the HI column densityin the outer halos.

astrophysical journal/the astrophysical journal

The Circumgalactic Medium of Extreme Emission Line Galaxies at z ~ 2:  Resolved Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer Modeling of Spatially Extended  Lyman-alpha Emission in the KBSS-KCWI Survey