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Here we present our current updates of the gas-phase chemical reaction ratesand molecular lines in the spectral synthesis code CLOUDY, and its implicationsin spectroscopic modelling of various astrophysical environments. We includeenergy levels, radiative and collisional rates for HF, CF$^+$, HC$_3$N,ArH$^+$, HCl, HCN, CN, CH, and CH$_2$. Simultaneously, we expand our molecularnetwork involving these molecules. For this purpose, we have added 561 newreactions and have updated the existing 165 molecular reaction rates involvingthese molecules. As a result, CLOUDY now predicts all the lines arising fromthese nine molecules. In addition, we also update H$_2$--H$_2$ collisional dataup to rotational levels $J$=31 for $v$=0. We demonstrate spectroscopicsimulations of these molecules for a few astrophysical environments. Ourexisting model for globules in the Crab nebula successfully predicts theobserved column density of ArH$^+$. Our model predicts a detectable amount ofHeH$^+$, OH$^+$, and CH$^+$ for the Crab nebula. We also model the ISM towardsHD185418, W31C, NGC 253, and our predictions match with most of the observedcolumn densities within the observed error bars. Very often molecular linestrace various physical conditions. Hence, this update will be very supportivefor spectroscopic modelling of various astrophysical environments, particularlyinvolving sub-millimeter and mid-infrared observations using ALMA and JWST,respectively.

astrophysical journal/the astrophysical journal

A recent update of gas-phase chemical reactions and molecular lines in  CLOUDY: its effects on millimeter and sub-millimeter molecular line  predictions