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Granules observed in solar photosphere are believed to be convective andturbulent, but the physical picture of granular dynamical process remainsunclear. Here we performed an investigation of granular dynamical motions offull length scales based on data obtained by the 1-meter New Vacuum SolarTelescope (NVST) and the 1.6-meter Goode Solar Telescope (GST). We developed anew granule segmenting method, which can detect both small faint and largebright granules. A large number of granules were detected and two criticalsizes, 265 km and 1420 km, were found to separate the granules into threelength ranges. The granules with sizes above 1420 km follow Gaussiandistribution, and demonstrate "flat" in flatness function, which shows thatthey are non-intermittent and thus are dominated by convective motions. Smallgranules with sizes between 265 and 1420 km are fitted by a combination ofpower law function and Gauss function, and exhibit non-linearity in flatnessfunction, which reveals that they are in the mixing motions of convection andturbulence. Mini granules with sizes below 265 km follow power law distributionand demonstrate linearity in flatness function, indicating that they areintermittent and strongly turbulent. These results suggest that a cascadeprocess occurs: large granules break down due to convective instability, whichtransport energy into small ones; then turbulence is induced and grows, whichcompetes with convection and further causes the small granules to continuouslysplit. Eventually, the motions in even smaller scales enter in aturbulence-dominated regime.

Investigations of Sizes and Dynamical Motions of Solar Photospheric Granules by a Novel Granular Segmenting Algorithm