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We present a detailed characterization of the Lya properties for 93 Lyaemitters (LAEs) at z~3.1 selected from the D1 field of theCanada-France-Hawaii-Telescope Legacy Survey, including 24 members of a massiveprotocluster. The median-stacked Lya image shows an extended Lya halo (LAH)surrounding the galaxy with the exponential scale length 4.9+/-0.7kpc, whichaccounts for roughly half of the total line flux. Accounting for the LAHcontribution, the total Lya escape fraction, f_esc, is 40+/-26%. Combining thedataset with existing measurements, we find a dependence of f_esc on thegalaxy's UV slope (beta) and UV luminosity (L_UV). The simultaneous use of bothparameters allows prediction of f_esc within 0.18dex, a substantial improvementover 0.23dex when only beta is used. The correlation between f_esc and E(B-V)suggests that Lya photons undergo interstellar dust attenuation in a similarmanner to continuum photons. Yet, Lya transmission is typically higher thanthat expected for continuum photons at similar wavelength by a factor, whichdepends on UV luminosity, up to 2 in the samples we studied. These results hintat complex geometries and physical conditions of the interstellar medium, whichaffect the Lya transmission or production. Alternatively, the dust law maychange with luminosity leading to over-or under-estimation of f_esc. Finally,we report that protocluster member LAEs tend to be bluer and more UV-luminousthan their field cousins, resulting in systematically higher f_esc values. Wespeculate that it may be due to the widespread formation of young low-massgalaxies in dense gas-rich environments.

The Role of Dust, UV Luminosity and Large-scale Environment on the Escape of Lya Photons: A Case Study of a Protocluster field at z = 3.1