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We present an optical study of the strong lensing galaxy cluster MS0440.5$+$0204 at $z=0.19593$, based on CFHT/MegaCam g', r'-photometry andGMOS/Gemini and CFHT/MOS/SIS spectroscopy in a broader area compared toprevious works. We have determined new spectroscopic redshifts for the mostprominent gravitational arcs surrounding the central galaxy in the cluster. Thenew redshifts and the information provided by the photometric catalog yield usto perform a detailed weak and strong lensing mass reconstruction of thecluster. The large number of member galaxies and the area covered by ourobservations allow to estimate more accurately the velocity dispersion and massof cluster and examine in detail the nature of the cluster and surroundingsstructures. The dynamical mass is in good agreement with the mass inferred fromthe lensing analysis and X-ray estimates. About $\sim$68\% of the galaxies arelocated in the inner $\lesssim$0.86 h$^{-1}_{70}$ Mpc region of the cluster.The galaxy redshift distribution in the inner region of the cluster shows acomplex structure with at least three sub-structures along the line-of-sight.Other sub-structures are also identified in the galaxy density map and in theweak lensing mass map. The member galaxies in the North-East overdensity aredistributed in a filament between MS 0440.5$+$0204 and ZwCL 0441.1$+$0211clusters, suggesting that these two structures might be connected. MS0440$+$0204 appears to be dynamically active, with a cluster core that islikely experiencing a merging process and with other nearby groups at projecteddistances of $\lesssim$1 h$^{-1}_{70}$ Mpc that could be being accreted by thecluster.

Dissecting the strong lensing galaxy cluster MS 0440$+$0204 II. New optical spectroscopic observations in a wider area and cluster dynamical state