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Young stellar associations hold a star formation record that can persist formillions of years, revealing the progression of star formation long after thedispersal of the natal cloud. To identify nearby young stellar populations thattrace this progression, we have designed a comprehensive framework for theidentification of young stars, and use it to identify $\sim$3$\times 10^4$candidate young stars within a distance of 333 pc using Gaia DR2. Applying theHDBSCAN clustering algorithm to this sample, we identify 27 top-level groups,nearly half of which have little to no presence in previous literature. Ten ofthese groups have visible substructure, including notable young associationssuch as Orion, Perseus, Taurus, and Sco-Cen. We provide a completesubclustering analysis on all groups with substructure, using age estimates toreveal each region's star formation history. The patterns we reveal include anapparent star formation origin for Sco-Cen along a semicircular arc, as well asclear evidence for sequential star formation moving away from that arc with apropagation speed of $\sim$4 km s$^{-1}$ ($\sim$4 pc Myr$^{-1}$). We alsoidentify earlier bursts of star formation in Perseus and Taurus that predatecurrent, kinematically identical active star-forming events, suggesting thatthe mechanisms that collect gas can spark multiple generations of starformation, punctuated by gas dispersal and cloud regrowth. The large spatialscales and long temporal scales on which we observe star formation offer abridge between the processes within individual molecular clouds and the broadforces guiding star formation at galactic scales.

astrophysical journal/the astrophysical journal

Stars with Photometrically Young Gaia Luminosities Around the Solar  System (SPYGLASS) I: Mapping Young Stellar Structures and their Star  Formation Histories