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The search for life in the universe mainly uses modern Earth as a template.However, we know that Earth's atmospheric composition changed significantlythrough its geological evolution. Recent discoveries show that transiting,potentially Earth-like exoplanets orbit a wide range of host stars, whichstrongly influence their atmospheric composition and remotely detectablespectra. Thus, a database for transiting terrestrial exoplanet around differenthost stars at different geological times is a crucial missing ingredient tosupport observational searches for signs of life in exoplanet atmospheres.Here, we present the first high-resolution transmission spectra database forEarth-like planets, orbiting a wide range of host stars, throughout fourrepresentative stages of Earth's history. These correspond to a prebiotic highCO2-world - about 3.9 billion years ago in Earth's history - and three epochsthrough the rise of oxygen from 0.2% to modern atmospheric levels of 21%. Wedemonstrate that the spectral biosignature pairs O2 + CH4 and O3 + CH4 in theatmosphere of a transiting Earth-like planet would show a remote observer thata biosphere exists for oxygen concentrations of about 1% modern Earth's -corresponding to about 1 to 2 billion years ago in Earth's history - for allhost stars. The full model and high-resolution transmission spectra database,covering 0.4 to 20microns, for transiting exoplanets - from young prebioticworlds to modern Earths-analogs - orbiting a wide range of host stars isavailable online. It can be used as a tool to plan and optimize our observationstrategy, train retrieval methods, and interpret upcoming observations withground- and space-based telescopes.

Finding Signs of Life on Earth-like Planets: High-resolution Transmission Spectra of Earth through time around FGKM stars