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Using the CANDELS photometric catalogs for the HST/ACS and WFC3, weidentified massive evolved galaxies at $3 < z < 4.5$, employing three differentselection methods. We find the comoving number density of these objects to be$\sim 2 \times 10^{-5}$ and $8 \times 10^{-6}Mpc^{-3}$ after correction forcompleteness for two redshift bins centered at $z=3.4, 4.7$. We quantify ameasure of how much confidence we should have for each candidate galaxy fromdifferent selections and what are the conservative error estimates propagatedinto our selection. Then we compare the evolution of the corresponding numberdensities and their stellar mass density with numerical simulations,semi-analytical models, and previous observational estimates, which showsslight tension at higher redshifts as the models tend to underestimate thenumber and mass densities. By estimating the average halo masses of thecandidates ($M_h \approx 4.2, 1.9, 1.3 \times 10^{12} M_\odot$ for redshiftbins centered at $z=3.4, 4.1, 4.7$), we find them to be consistent with halosthat were efficient in turning baryons to stars and were relatively immune tothe feedback effects and on the verge of transition into hot-mode accretion.This can suggest the relative cosmological starvation of the cold gas followedby an overconsumption phase in which the galaxy consumes the available cold gasrapidly as one of the possible drivers for the quenching of the massive evolvedpopulation at high redshift.

Selection of massive evolved galaxies at $3 \leq z \leq 4.5$ in the CANDELS fields