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The TRAPPIST-1 system, consisting of an ultra-cool host star having sevenknown Earth-size planets will be a prime target for atmosphericcharacterization with JWST. However, the detectability of atmospheric molecularspecies may be severely impacted by the presence of clouds and/or hazes. Inthis work, we perform 3-D General Circulation Model (GCM) simulations with theLMD Generic model supplemented by 1-D photochemistry simulations at theterminator with the Atmos model to simulate several possible atmospheres forTRAPPIST-1e, 1f and 1g: 1) modern Earth, 2) Archean Earth, and 3) CO2-richatmospheres. JWST synthetic transit spectra were computed using the GSFCPlanetary Spectrum Generator (PSG). We find that TRAPPIST-1e, 1f and 1gatmospheres, with clouds and/or hazes, could be detected using JWST's NIRSpecprism from the CO2 absorption line at 4.3 um in less than 15 transits at 3sigma or less than 35 transits at 5 sigma. However, our analysis suggests thatother gases would require hundreds (or thousands) of transits to be detectable.We also find that H2O, mostly confined in the lower atmosphere, is verychallenging to detect for these planets or similar systems if the planets'atmospheres are not in a moist greenhouse state. This result demonstrates thatthe use of GCMs, self-consistently taking into account the effect of clouds andsub-saturation, is crucial to evaluate the detectability of atmosphericmolecules of interest as well as for interpreting future detections in a moreglobal (and thus robust and relevant) approach.

Impact of Clouds and Hazes on the Simulated JWST Transmission Spectra of Habitable Zone Planets in the TRAPPIST-1 System