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Few detailed investigations of stellar populations in passive galaxies beyondz~1 are based on deep spectroscopic observations, due to the difficulty inobtaining such data. We present a study of stellar populations, structure, andmass-to-light ratios of a large sample of bulge-dominated galaxies in the twoz=1.27 clusters Lynx E and Lynx W, based on deep ground-based opticalspectroscopy combined with imaging from Hubble Space Telescope. We find thatLynx E has a well-defined core of red passive galaxies, while Lynx W lacks sucha core. If all the sample galaxies evolve similarly in size from z=1.27 to thepresent, the data allow only 0.1 dex size-growth at a fixed dynamical mass.However, to link the Lynx central galaxies to brightest cluster galaxiessimilar to those of low redshift clusters, the Lynx galaxies would have to growby at least a factor five, possibly through major merging. The mass-to-lightratios and the Balmer absorption lines of the Lynx galaxies are consistent withpassive evolution of the stellar populations from z=1.27 to the present andsupport ages of 1--3 Gyr. The galaxies in the outskirts of the clusters containyounger stellar populations than found in the cluster cores. However, whenevolved passively to z~0 both populations are consistent with the observedpopulations in the Coma cluster galaxies. The bulge-dominated emission linegalaxies in the clusters are dominated by stellar populations with sub-solarmetallicities. Thus, additional enrichment of these is required to produceComa-like stellar populations by z~0.

The Gemini/HST Galaxy Cluster Project: Environment Effects on the Stellar Populations in the Lynx Clusters at z=1.27