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The need to characterize ices coating dust grains in dense interstellarclouds arises from the importance of ice morphology in facilitating thediffusion and storage of radicals and reaction products in ices, a well-knownplace for the formation of complex molecules. Yet, there is considerableuncertainty about the structure of ISM ices, their ability to store volatilesand under what conditions. We measured the infrared absorption spectra of CO onthe pore surface of porous amorphous solid water (ASW), and quantified theeffective pore surface area of ASW. Additionally, we present results obtainedfrom a Monte Carlo model of ASW in which the morphology of the ice is directlyvisualized and quantified. We found that 200 ML of ASW annealed to 20 K has atotal pore surface area that is equivalent to 46 ML. This surface areadecreases linearly with temperature to about 120 K. We also found that (1)dangling OH bonds only exist on the surface of pores; (2) almost all of thepores in the ASW are connected to the vacuum--ice interface, and are accessiblefor adsorption of volatiles from the gas phase; there are few closed cavitiesinside ASW at least up to a thickness of 200 ML; (3) the total pore surfacearea is proportional to the total 3-coordinated water molecules in the ASW inthe temperature range 60--120 K. We also discuss the implications on thestructure of ASW and surface reactions in the ice mantle in dense clouds.

The Effective Surface Area of Amorphous Solid Water Measured by the Infrared Absorption of Carbon Monoxide