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Newly-born, rapidly-spinning magnetars have been invoked as the power sourcesof super-luminous transients, including the class of "fast-luminous opticaltransients" (FBOTs). The extensive multi-wavelength analysis of AT2018cow, thefirst FBOT discovered in real time, is consistent with the magnetar scenarioand offers an unprecedented opportunity to comprehend the nature of thesesources and assess their broader implications. Using AT2018cow as a prototype,we investigate high-energy neutrino and cosmic ray production from FBOTs andthe more general class of superluminous supernovae (SLSNe). By calculating theinteraction of cosmic rays and the time-evolving radiation field and baryonbackground, we find that particles accelerated in the magnetar wind may escapethe ejecta at ultrahigh energies (UHE). The predicted high-energy neutrinofluence from AT2018cow is below the sensitivity of the IceCube Observatory, andestimates of the cosmically-integrated neutrino flux from FBOTs are consistentwith the extreme-high-energy upper limits posed by IceCube. High-energy$\gamma$ rays exceeding GeV energies are obscured for the first months to yearsby thermal photons in the magnetar nebula, but are potentially observable atlater times. Given also their potentially higher volumetric rate compared toother engine-powered transients (e.g. SLSNe and gamma-ray bursts), we concludethat FBOTs are favorable targets for current and next-generationmulti-messenger observatories.

Multimessenger Implications of AT2018cow: High-Energy Cosmic Ray and Neutrino Emissions from Magnetar-Powered Super-Luminous Transients