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We carried out new $^{12}$CO($J$ = 1-0, 3-2) observations of a N63A supernovaremnant (SNR) from the LMC using ALMA and ASTE. We find three giant molecularclouds toward the northeast, east, and near the center of the SNR. Using theALMA data, we spatially resolved clumpy molecular clouds embedded within theoptical nebulae in both the shock-ionized and photoionized lobes discovered byprevious H$\alpha$ and [S II] observations. The total mass of the molecularclouds is $\sim$$800$ $M_{\odot}$ for the shock-ionized region and $\sim$$1700$$M_{\odot}$ for the photoionized region. Spatially resolved X-ray spectroscopyreveals that the absorbing column densities toward the molecular clouds are$\sim$$1.5$-$6.0\times10^{21}$ cm$^{-2}$, which are $\sim$$1.5$-$15$ times lessthan the averaged interstellar proton column densities for each region. Thismeans that the X-rays are produced not only behind the molecular clouds, butalso in front of them. We conclude that the dense molecular clouds have beencompletely engulfed by the shock waves, but have still survived erosion owingto their high-density and short interacting time. The X-ray spectrum toward thegas clumps is well explained by an absorbed power-law or high-temperatureplasma models in addition to the thermal plasma components, implying that theshock-cloud interaction is efficiently working for both the cases through theshock ionization and magnetic field amplification. If the hadronic gamma-ray isdominant in the GeV band, the total energy of cosmic-ray protons is calculatedto be $\sim$$0.3$-$1.4\times10^{49}$ erg with the estimated ISM proton densityof $\sim$$190\pm90$ cm$^{-3}$, containing both the shock-ionized gas andneutral atomic hydrogen.

astrophysical journal/the astrophysical journal

ALMA CO Observations of Supernova Remnant N63A in the Large Magellanic  Cloud: Discovery of Dense Molecular Clouds Embedded within Shock-Ionized and  Photoionized Nebulae