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Understanding the history and evolution of small bodies, such as dust grainsand comets, in planet-forming disks is very important to reveal thearchitectural laws responsible for the creation of planetary systems. Thesesmall bodies in cold regions of the disks are typically considered as mixturesof dust particles with molecular ices, where ices cover the surface of a dustcore or are actually physically mixed with dust. Whilst the first case,ice-on-dust, has been intensively studied in the laboratory in recent decades,the second case, ice-mixed-with-dust, present uncharted territory. This work isthe first laboratory study of the temperature-programmed desorption (TPD) ofwater ice mixed with amorphous carbon and silicate grains. We show that thekinetics of desorption of H2O ice depends strongly on the dust/ice mass ratio,probably, due to the desorption of water molecules from a large surface offractal clusters composed of carbon or silicate grains. In addition, it isshown that water ice molecules are differently bound to silicate grains incontrast to carbon. The results provide a link between the structure andmorphology of small cosmic bodies and the kinetics of desorption of water iceincluded in them.

Temperature programed desorption of water ice from the surface of amorphous carbon and silicate grains as related to planet-forming disks