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Stars are commonly formed in binary systems, which provide a naturallaboratory for studying planet formation in extreme conditions. In our firstpaper (Paper I) of a series Xie et al. (2011), we have shown that theintermediate stage - from planetesimals to planetary embryos/cores - of planetformation can proceed even in highly inclined binaries. Following Paper I, herewe numerically study the late stage of terrestrial planet formation, i.e., fromembryos to full planets, in binary systems of various orbital configurations.We identify an orbital alignment or anti-alignment effect; namely, although aninclined binary generally misaligns the planetary orbits with respect to thespin axis of the primary host star (i.e., causing large obliquity), it couldalign or anti-align the planetary orbits with respect to the binary orbit. Suchan orbital (anti-)alignment effect is caused by the combination of orbitaldifferential precession and self-damping, and it is mostly significant in casesof intermediate binary separations, i.e., a_B~40-200 AU for terrestrial planetformation around 1 AU from the primary stars. In such intermediate separationbinaries, somewhat contrary to intuition, the binary companion can aid planetgrowth by having increased the rate of collisions, forming significantly moremassive but fewer planets. In the other two ends, the companion is ether tooclose thus plays a violently disruptive role or too wide to have significanteffect on planet formation. Future observations, which can discover moreplanet-bearing binary star systems and constrain their masses and 3-D orbitalmotions will test our numerical findings.

astrophysical journal/the astrophysical journal

Planet Formation in Highly Inclined Binary Systems. II. Orbital  Alignment or Anti-alignment and Planet Growth Boost in Intermediate  Separation Binaries