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We investigate the properties of bright galaxies with various morphologicaltypes in Abell 1139 and Abell 2589, using the pixel color-magnitude diagram(pCMD) analysis technique. The sample is 32 galaxies brighter than Mr = -21.3mag with spectroscopic redshifts, which are deeply imaged in the g and r bandsusing the MegaCam mounted on the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope. After maskingcontaminants with two-step procedures, we examine how the detailed propertiesin pCMDs depend on galaxy morphology and infrared color. The mean g - r coloras a function of surface brightness (mu_r) in the pCMD of a galaxy shows fineperformance in distinguishing between early- and late-type galaxies, but it isnot perfect because of the similarity between elliptical galaxies andbulge-dominated spiral galaxies. On the other hand, the g - r color dispersionas a function of mu_r works better. We find that the best set of parameters forgalaxy classification is the combination of the minimum color dispersion atmu_r <= 21.2 mag/arcsec^2 and the maximum color dispersion at 20.0 <= mu_r <=21.0 mag/arcsec^2: the latter reflects the complexity of stellar populations atthe disk component in a typical spiral galaxy. Finally, the color dispersionmeasurements of an elliptical galaxy appear to be correlated with the WISEinfrared color ([4.6] - [12]). This indicates that the complexity of stellarpopulations in an elliptical galaxy is related with its recent star formationactivities. From this observational evidence, we infer that gas-rich minormergers or gas interactions may have usually happened during the recent growthof massive elliptical galaxies.

astrophysical journal/the astrophysical journal

Color Dispersion as an Indicator of Stellar Population Complexity:  Insights from the Pixel Color-Magnitude Diagrams of 32 Bright Galaxies in  Abell 1139 and Abell 2589