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We present observations and analysis of the polarized radio emission from thenearby radio galaxy Fornax A over 1.28--3.1 GHz, using data from the AustraliaTelescope Compact Array (ATCA). In this, the first of two associated papers, weuse modern broadband polarimetric techniques to examine the nature and originof conspicuous low-polarization (low-$p$) patches in the lobes. We resolve thelow-$p$ patches, and find that their low fractional polarization is associatedwith complicated frequency-dependent interference in the polarized signalgenerated by Faraday effects along the line of sight. The low-$p$ patches arespatially correlated with interfaces in the magnetic structure of the lobe,across which the line-of-sight-projected magnetic field changes direction.Spatial correlations with the sky-projected magnetic field orientation andstructure in total intensity are also identified and discussed. We argue thatthe low-$p$ patches, along with associated reversals in the line-of-sightmagnetic field and other related phenomena, are best explained by the presenceof $\mathcal{O}(10^9)$ $M_\odot$ of magnetized thermal plasma in the lobes,structured in shells or filaments, and likely advected from the ISM of NCG 1316or its surrounding ICM. Our study underscores the power and utility ofspatially-resolved, broadband, full-polarization radio observations to revealnew facets of flow behaviors and magneto-ionic structure in radio lobes andtheir interplay with the surrounding environment.

Broadband radio polarimetry of Fornax A, I: Depolarized patches generated by advected thermal material from NGC 1316