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In late 2016 and early 2017 the flat spectrum radio quasar CTA 102 exhibiteda very strong and long-lasting outburst. The event can be described by aroughly 2 months long increase of the baseline flux in the monitored energybands (optical to $\gamma$ rays) by a factor 8, and a subsequent decrease overanother 2 months back to pre-flare levels. The long-term trend was supersededby short but very strong flares, resulting in a peak flux that was a factor 50above pre-flare levels in the $\gamma$-ray domain and almost a factor 100 abovepre-flare levels in the optical domain. In this paper we explain the long-termevolution of the outburst by the ablation of a gas cloud penetrating therelativistic jet. The slice-by-slice ablation results in a gradual increase ofthe particle injection until the center of the cloud is reached, after whichthe injected number of particles decreases again. With reasonable cloudparameters we obtain excellent fits of the long-term trend.

Cloud ablation by a relativistic jet and the extended flare in CTA 102 in 2016 and 2017