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We present new 1D (spherical) and 2D (axisymmetric) simulations ofelectron-capture (EC) and low-mass iron-core-collapse supernovae (SN). Weconsider six progenitor models: the ECSN progenitor from Nomoto (1984, 1987);two ECSN-like low-mass low-metallicity iron core progenitors from Heger(private communication); and the 9-, 10-, and 11-$M_\odot$ (zero-age mainsequence) progenitors from Sukhbold et al. (2016). We confirm that the ECSN andESCN-like progenitors explode easily even in 1D with explosion energies of upto a 0.15 Bethes ($1 {\rm B} \equiv 10^{51}\ {\rm erg}$), and are a viablemechanism for the production of very low-mass neutron stars. However, the 9-,10-, and 11-$M_\odot$ progenitors do not explode in 1D and are not evennecessarily easier to explode than higher-mass progenitor stars in 2D. We studythe effect of perturbations and of changes to the microphysics and we find thatrelatively small changes can result in qualitatively different outcomes, evenin 1D, for models sufficiently close to the explosion threshold. Finally, werevisit the impact of convection below the protoneutron star (PNS) surface. Weanalyze, 1D and 2D evolutions of PNSs subject to the same boundary conditions.We find that the impact of PNS convection has been underestimated in previousstudies and could result in an increase of the neutrino luminosity by up tofactors of two.

Electron-Capture and Low-Mass Iron-Core-Collapse Supernovae: New Neutrino-Radiation-Hydrodynamics Simulations