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We investigate the astrophysics of radio-emitting star-forming galaxies andac- tive galactic nuclei (AGNs), and elucidate their statistical properties inthe radio band including luminosity functions, redshift distributions, andnumber counts at sub-mJy flux levels, that will be crucially probed bynext-generation radio continuum surveys. Specifically, we exploit themodel-independent approach by Mancuso et al. (2016a,b) to compute the starformation rate functions, the AGN duty cycles and the conditional probabilityof a star-forming galaxy to host an AGN with given bolometric luminosity.Coupling these ingredients with the radio emission properties associated tostar formation and nuclear activity, we compute relevant statistics atdifferent radio frequencies, and disentangle the relative con- tribution ofstar-forming galaxies and AGNs in different radio luminosity, radio flux, andredshift ranges. Finally, we highlight that radio-emitting star-forminggalaxies and AGNs are expected to host supermassive black holes accreting withdifferent Eddington ratio distributions, and to occupy different loci in thegalaxy main sequence diagrams. These specific predictions are consistent withcurrent datasets, but need to be tested with larger statistics via future radiodata with multi-band coverage on wide areas, as it will become routinelyachievable with the advent of the SKA and its precursors.

Galaxy Evolution in the Radio Band: The Role of Starforming Galaxies and Active Galactic Nuclei