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Properties of planetary atmospheres, ionospheres, and magnetospheres aredifficult to measure from Earth. Radio occultations are a common method formeasuring these properties, but they traditionally rely on radio transmissionsfrom a spacecraft near the planet. Here we explore whether occultations ofradio emissions from a distant astrophysical radio source can be used tomeasure magnetic field strength, plasma density, and neutral density aroundplanets. In a theoretical case study of Jupiter, we find that significantchanges in polarization angle due to Faraday rotation occur for radio signalsthat pass within 10 Jupiter radii of the planet and that significant changes infrequency and power occur from radio signals that pass through the neutralatmosphere. There are sufficient candidate radio sources, such as pulsars,active galactic nuclei, and masers, that occultations are likely to occur atleast once per year. For pulsars, time delays in the arrival of their emittedpulses can be used to measure plasma density. Exoplanets, whose physicalproperties are very challenging to observe, may also occult distantastrophysical radio sources, such as their parent stars.

Occultations of astrophysical radio sources as probes of planetary environments: A case study of Jupiter and possible applications to exoplanets