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For centuries extremely-long grazing fireball displays have fascinatedobservers and inspired people to ponder about their origins. The DesertFireball Network (DFN) is the largest single fireball network in the world,covering about one third of Australian skies. This expansive size has enabledus to capture a majority of the atmospheric trajectory of a spectacular grazingevent that lasted over90 seconds, penetrated as deep as ~58.5km, and traveledover 1,300 km through the atmosphere before exiting back into interplanetaryspace. Based on our triangulation and dynamic analyses of the event, we haveestimated the initial mass to be at least 60 kg, which would correspond to a30cm object given a chondritic density (3500 kg m-3). However, this initial massestimate is likely a lower bound, considering the minimal deceleration observedin the luminous phase. The most intriguing quality of this close encounter isthat the meteoroid originated from an Apollo-type orbit and was inserted into aJupiter-family comet (JFC) orbit due to the net energy gained during the closeencounter with the Earth. Based on numerical simulations, the meteoroid willlikely spend ~200kyrs on a JFC orbit and have numerous encounters with Jupiter,the first of which will occur in January-March 2025. Eventually the meteoroidwill likely be ejected from the Solar System or be flung into a trans-Neptunianorbit.

Where Did They Come From, Where Did They Go. Grazing Fireballs