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We conducted a polarimetric observation of the fast-rotating near-Earthasteroid (1566) Icarus at large phase (Sun-asteroid-observer's) angles$\alpha$= 57 deg--141deg around the 2015 summer solstice. We found that themaximum values of the linear polarization degree are$P_\mathrm{max}$=7.32$\pm$0.25 % at phase angles of$\alpha_\mathrm{max}$=124$\pm$8 deg in the $V$-band and$P_\mathrm{max}$=7.04$\pm$0.21 % at $\alpha_\mathrm{max}$=124$\pm$6 deg in the$R_\mathrm{C}$-band. Applying the polarimetric slope-albedo empirical law, wederived a geometric albedo of $p_\mathrm{V}$=0.25$\pm$0.02, which is inagreement with that of Q-type taxonomic asteroids. $\alpha_\mathrm{max}$ isunambiguously larger than that of Mercury, the Moon, and another near-EarthS-type asteroid (4179) Toutatis but consistent with laboratory samples withhundreds of microns in size. The combination of the maximum polarization degreeand the geometric albedo is in accordance with terrestrial rocks with adiameter of several hundreds of micrometers. The photometric function indicatesa large macroscopic roughness. We hypothesize that the unique environment(i.e., the small perihelion distance $q$=0.187 au and a short rotational periodof $T_\mathrm{rot}$=2.27 hours) may be attributed to the paucity of smallgrains on the surface, as indicated on (3200) Phaethon.

Polarimetric Study of Near-Earth Asteroid (1566) Icarus