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We determine probabilities of physical association for stars in blendedKepler Objects of Interest, and find that $14.5\%^{+3.8\%}_{-3.4\%}$ ofcompanions within $\sim4\arcsec$ are consistent with being physicallyunassociated with their primary. This produces a better understanding ofpotential false positives in the Kepler catalog and will guide models of planetformation in binary systems. Physical association is determined through twomethods of calculating multi-band photometric parallax using visible andnear-infrared adaptive optics observation of 84 KOI systems with 104contaminating companions within $\sim4\arcsec$. We find no evidence that KOIcompanions with separation of less than $1\arcsec$ are more likely to bephysically associated than KOI companions generally. We also reinterprettransit depths for 94 planet candidates, and calculate that $2.6\% \pm 0.4\%$of transits have $R > 15R_{\earth}$, which is consistent with prior modelingwork.

the astronomical journal

Probability of Physical Association of 104 Blended Companions to  \textit{Kepler} Objects of Interest Using Visible and Near-Infrared Adaptive  Optics Photometry