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In recent years, the increasing precision of direct cosmic rays measurementsopened the door to indirect searches of dark matter with high-sensitivity andto more accurate predictions for radiation doses received by astronauts andelectronics in space. The key ingredients in the study of these phenomena arethe knowledge of the local interstellar spectrum (LIS) of galactic cosmic rays(GCRs) and the understanding of how the solar modulation affects the LIS insidethe heliosphere. Voyager 1, AMS-02 and PAMELA measurements of proton fluxesprovide invaluable information, allowing us to shed light on the shape of theLIS and the details of the solar modulation during solar cycles 23 and 24. Anew parametrization of the proton LIS is presented, based on the latest datafrom Voyager 1 and AMS-02. Using the framework of the force-fieldapproximation, the solar modulation parameter is extracted from thetime-dependent proton fluxes measured by PAMELA. A modified version of theforce-field approximation with an energy-dependent modulation parameter isintroduced, yielding better results on proton data than the force-fieldapproximation. The results are compared with the modulation parameter inferredby neutron monitors.

Solar Modulation of the Proton Local Interstellar Spectrum with AMS-02, Voyager 1 and PAMELA